10𝙩𝙝 𝙍𝙚𝙗𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝘼𝙛𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙖 𝙁𝙤𝙧𝙪𝙢: 𝙝𝙞𝙜𝙝-𝙡𝙚𝙫𝙚𝙡 𝙨𝙥𝙚𝙖𝙠𝙚𝙧𝙨 “𝙩𝙤 𝙧𝙚𝙙𝙚𝙛𝙞𝙣𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙛𝙪𝙩𝙪𝙧𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙘𝙤𝙣𝙩𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙣𝙩”10𝙩𝙝 𝙍𝙚𝙗𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝘼𝙛𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙖 𝙁𝙤𝙧𝙪𝙢: 𝙝𝙞𝙜𝙝-𝙡𝙚𝙫𝙚𝙡 𝙨𝙥𝙚𝙖𝙠𝙚𝙧𝙨 “𝙩𝙤 𝙧𝙚𝙙𝙚𝙛𝙞𝙣𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙛𝙪𝙩𝙪𝙧𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙘𝙤𝙣𝙩𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙣𝙩”

𝑹𝒆𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑨𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒂 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒖𝒎 (𝑹𝑨𝑭) 𝒊𝒔 𝒅𝒆𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒕𝒐 𝒂𝒏𝒏𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒉𝒐𝒍𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒐𝒇 𝒊𝒕𝒔 10𝒕𝒉 𝒆𝒅𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏, 𝒘𝒉𝒊𝒄𝒉 𝒘𝒊𝒍𝒍 𝒕𝒂𝒌𝒆 𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒄𝒆 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝑶𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒃𝒆𝒓 17 𝒕𝒐 19, 2024 𝒊𝒏 𝑩𝒓𝒖𝒔𝒔𝒆𝒍𝒔. 𝑻𝒉𝒊𝒔 𝒎𝒂𝒋𝒐𝒓 𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒘𝒊𝒍𝒍 𝒃𝒓𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒕𝒐𝒈𝒆𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒑𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒍𝒆𝒂𝒅𝒆𝒓𝒔, 𝒑𝒐𝒍𝒊𝒄𝒚 𝒎𝒂𝒌𝒆𝒓𝒔, 𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒖𝒓𝒔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒊𝒏𝒗𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒎𝒆 “𝑻𝒐𝒈𝒆𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓, 𝒍𝒆𝒕’𝒔 𝒃𝒖𝒊𝒍𝒅 𝑨𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒂/𝑩𝒖𝒊𝒍𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑨𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒂 𝑻𝒐𝒈𝒆𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓”. 𝑶𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒊𝒔 𝒐𝒄𝒄𝒂𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏, 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑫𝒆𝒎𝒐𝒄𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒄 𝑹𝒆𝒑𝒖𝒃𝒍𝒊𝒄 𝒐𝒇 𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒈𝒐 (𝑫𝑹𝑪) 𝒘𝒊𝒍𝒍 𝒃𝒆 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒑𝒐𝒕𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕.

𝑺𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒊𝒕𝒔 𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒊𝒏 2014, 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑹𝒆𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑨𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒂 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒖𝒎 𝒉𝒂𝒔 𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒊𝒔𝒉𝒆𝒅 𝒊𝒕𝒔𝒆𝒍𝒇 𝒂𝒔 𝑻𝑯𝑬 𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒎𝒆𝒆𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒕𝒐 𝒂𝒅𝒅𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒔𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝒏𝒆𝒄𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒂𝒓𝒚 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒖𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝒅𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑨𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒏 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒏𝒕. 𝑻𝒉𝒊𝒔 10𝒕𝒉 𝒆𝒅𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒘𝒊𝒍𝒍 𝒂𝒅𝒅𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝒎𝒂𝒋𝒐𝒓 𝒕𝒐𝒑𝒊𝒄𝒔 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒇𝒖𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝑨𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒂: 𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒇𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒍𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆, 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒅𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝒉𝒖𝒎𝒂𝒏 𝒄𝒂𝒑𝒊𝒕𝒂𝒍, 𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒔𝒐𝒇𝒕 𝒑𝒐𝒘𝒆𝒓 𝒂𝒔 𝒍𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒈𝒓𝒐𝒘𝒕𝒉, 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒆𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒄𝒍𝒊𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒐𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒓𝒕𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒆𝒔 𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒌𝒆𝒅 𝒕𝒐 𝒊𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒗𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒏𝒕’𝒔 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒏𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒘𝒊𝒕𝒉 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒘𝒐𝒓𝒍𝒅 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒊𝒕𝒔𝒆𝒍𝒇. 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒔𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝒂𝒍𝒍 𝒎𝒂𝒋𝒐𝒓 𝒂𝒙𝒆𝒔 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒈𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒔𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒏𝒕.

𝑰𝒏𝒇𝒍𝒖𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒇𝒊𝒈𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒔 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒃𝒖𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝒘𝒐𝒓𝒍𝒅, 𝒑𝒐𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒔, 𝒄𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒍 𝒔𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒆𝒕𝒚, 𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒐𝒘𝒏𝒆𝒅 𝒆𝒙𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒕𝒔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒓𝒆𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒐𝒓𝒈𝒂𝒏𝒊𝒛𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝒆𝒙𝒑𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒕𝒐 𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒊𝒔 𝒆𝒅𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏.

𝑫𝒐𝒏’𝒕 𝒎𝒊𝒔𝒔 𝒕𝒉𝒊𝒔 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒒𝒖𝒆 𝒐𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒓𝒕𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒕𝒐 𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒅 𝒆𝒏𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒅𝒆𝒃𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒔, 𝒎𝒂𝒌𝒆 𝒅𝒆𝒄𝒊𝒔𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒎𝒆𝒆𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈𝒔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒃𝒖𝒕𝒆 𝒕𝒐 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒈𝒊𝒄 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒄𝒖𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒇𝒖𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒏𝒕. 𝑨𝒍𝒔𝒐 𝒕𝒂𝒌𝒆 𝒂𝒅𝒗𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒊𝒔 𝒎𝒆𝒆𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒐𝒇 𝒈𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒓𝒆𝒄𝒆𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒏𝒈, 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝒊𝒏𝒗𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒔, 𝒆𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒐𝒎𝒊𝒄 𝒅𝒆𝒄𝒊𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏-𝒎𝒂𝒌𝒆𝒓𝒔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒖𝒓𝒔 𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒆𝒍𝒚 𝒇𝒐𝒄𝒖𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒐𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒇𝒖𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝑨𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒂 𝒎𝒆𝒆𝒕 𝒕𝒐 𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒍𝒊𝒛𝒆 𝒃𝒖𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝒐𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒓𝒕𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒆𝒔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒈𝒊𝒄 𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒊𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆𝒔.  

𝘼𝙗𝙤𝙪𝙩 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙍𝙚𝙗𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝘼𝙛𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙖 𝙁𝙤𝙧𝙪𝙢: 

𝑩𝒐𝒓𝒏 𝒊𝒏 2014 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒅𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒓𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒊𝒕𝒔 𝑭𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓, 𝑻𝒉𝒊𝒆𝒓𝒓𝒚 𝑯𝑶𝑻, 𝒕𝒐 𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒆 𝒂 𝒇𝒓𝒂𝒎𝒆𝒘𝒐𝒓𝒌 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒔𝒖𝒍𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏, 𝒓𝒆𝒇𝒍𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒆𝒙𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 𝒐𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒐𝒇 𝒘𝒉𝒊𝒄𝒉 𝑨𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒂 𝒂𝒃𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒅𝒔, 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑹𝒆𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑨𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒂 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒖𝒎 (𝑹𝑨𝑭) 𝒂𝒊𝒎𝒔 𝒕𝒐 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒎𝒐𝒕𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒂𝒔𝒔𝒆𝒕𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝑨𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒏 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒏𝒕, 𝒕𝒉𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉 𝒂 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 𝒊𝒏 𝒏𝒂𝒓𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒎𝒐𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒏𝒕. 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒆 𝒊𝒔 𝒕𝒐 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒑𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒔, 𝒅𝒐𝒏𝒐𝒓𝒔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒊𝒏𝒗𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒔 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒔𝒖𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒍𝒖𝒔𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒅𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒏𝒕.

𝑰𝒏 10 𝒚𝒆𝒂𝒓𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒆𝒙𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆, 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑹𝒆𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑨𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒂 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒖𝒎 𝒉𝒂𝒔 𝒃𝒆𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒆 𝒂𝒏 𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒎𝒆𝒆𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝑨𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒏𝒔 𝒘𝒉𝒐 𝒘𝒂𝒏𝒕 𝒕𝒐 𝒊𝒎𝒑𝒂𝒄𝒕 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒓 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒃𝒆 𝒂 𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒌𝒆𝒉𝒐𝒍𝒅𝒆𝒓 𝒊𝒏 𝒊𝒕𝒔 𝒅𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕.